Table 1. Top five differentially expressed genes between negative control and bovine colostrum-derived extracellular vesicles treated Akkermansia muciniphila

Upregulated			Downregulated
Gene	Definition	FC	Gene	Definition	FC
Amuc_1300	Adenylylsulfate reductase, thioredoxin dependent	5.446	Amuc_1922	Putative ferredoxin	–2.192
Amuc_1253	Glutamate synthase (ferredoxin)	2.249	Amuc_0875	Glycoside hydrolase family 16	–1.760
Amuc_0910	Transcriptional regulator, LysR family	2.188	Amuc_2028	Transcriptional regulator, MarR family	–1.685
Amuc_1252	Glutamine synthetase catalytic region	2.057	Amuc_0095	Ribosomal protein L33	–1.678
Amuc_1153	Potassium-transporting ATPase, C subunit	1.897	Amuc_0860	Anaerobic ribonucleoside-triphosphate reductase activating protein	–1.676

FC, fold change.