Table 4. Water-adhesion capacity (WAC), oil-adhesion capacity (OAC), and color values of powders produced from differentially sacrificed mealworms

	WAC (g/g sample)	OAC (g/g sample)	CIE L*	CIE a*	CIE b*
F	1.21±0.01c	1.30±0.04a	33.33±0.28c	0.67±0.06e	0.54±0.03e
S	1.13±0.01d	1.12±0.03b	32.69±0.15d	1.02±0.04d	1.15±0.07d
B	1.84±0.01a	1.29±0.02a	36.95±0.16b	2.53±0.10c	4.02±0.17c
BI	1.50±0.02b	1.33±0.07a	37.84±0.39a	3.52±0.08a	5.29±0.11a
R	1.53±0.07b	1.21±0.14ab	36.89±0.11b	2.73±0.08b	4.31±0.13b

Data are expressed as the mean±SD (n=3 for WAC and OAC, and n=5 for color analysis).
Different superscript letters within columns represent significant differences at p<0.05.
F, freezing; S, sonication; B, blanching; BI, blanched and further treated with mid-infrared irradiation; R, roasting.