Table 3. Point mutations within QRDRs of gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE genes associated with quinolone resistance in the study strains

NAS species		No. of FQ-resistant isolates (%)	Mutations in QRDRs				Total	Zone of inhibition (mm)
NAS species		No. of FQ-resistant isolates (%)	gyrA	gyrB	parC	parE	Total	Zone of inhibition (mm)
CoVS	Staphylococcus agnetis (17)	10 (58.8)	S84L	-	S80L	-	6	12.8±1.2
			S84L	D562Y	S80L	-	2	13.5±2.1
			S84L	F522V, K550R, D562Y	S80L	-	1	13
			S84L	F522V, E560Q, D562Y, E566Q, E597D	S80L	-	1	13
	Staphylococcus chromogenes (2)	2 (100)	S84L	I359V, G375A, I379V, T514K	H77L, G78A, S80L	T348P, D356E, S357A, S360A, D565T	1	6
	Staphylococcus chromogenes (2)	2 (100)	S84L, I131L	H511I, T514N	S80L, D84Y	K568N	1	13
CoNS	Staphylococcus arlettae (8)	7 (87.5)	S84L	-	T80I	-	3	6
			-	-	T80I	-	1	6
			S84L	-	T80I	A531Q	1	6
			S84L		T80I	A360S	1	6
			S84L	K554N, R561Q, K565Q, K567T	T80I	K375T, V382G, K383E, R395G, R406Q, K407E, G413S, A418P	1	6
	Staphylococcus lentus (11)	7 (63.6)	S84L, T172A	-	S80L	-	2	6
			S84L, T172A	-	S80L	Y497T	3	6
			S84L, A162S, T172A	-	-	Y497T	1	10
			S84L, A162S, T172A	-	S80L	Y497T	1	9
	Staphylococcus simulans (49)	8 (16.3)	S84L, A173S	-	F74Y, S80F	-	1	14
			S84L, A173S	-	S80Y, D84N	-	1	6
			S84L, A173S	A512R	S80Y, D84N	-	1	6
			S84L, A173S	A512P	S80F, D84N	-	1	6
			S84L, A173S	-	S80Y, D84N	L377I	1	6
			S84L, A173S	-	S80F, D84N	N498K, R499S	1	6
			S84L, A132S, A173S	E489G, S494T	S80I	V359I, F365Y, E467D	2	6

QRDRs, quinolone resistance determining regions; NAS, non-aureus staphylococci; FQ, fluoroquinolone; CoVS, coagulase-variable staphylococci; CoNS, coagulase-negative staphylococci.