Table 5. Effects of dietary treatment, castration, and rearing system on fatty acid composition of goat meat

Variables (%)	Korean native black goat (KNBG)¹⁾					Mestiço goat²⁾
	High forage		Low forage		SEM	Rearing system
	CA	NCA	CA	NCA		Extensive	Confinement
C14:0	1.78^b	2.29^a	1.75^b	2.27^a	0.13	2.41±0.18^a	1.83±0.25^b
C14:1	-	-	-	-	-	0.44±0.22	0.48±0.22
C16:0	23.02	24.23	24.00	24.73	0.63	19.64±1.15	20.12±0.42
C16:1n7	1.44^ab	1.18^b	1.71^a	1.28^b	0.11	1.87±0.16^b	2.60±0.42^a
C17:0	-	-	-	-		1.64±0.29^b	1.63±0.24^a
C17:1	-	-	-	-		1.80±0.49	1.45±0.09
C18:0	15.72^b	18.27^a	14.44^b	17.43^a	0.55	20.71±0.84^a	17.03±1.08^b
C18:1n9	32.68^b	28.63^c	38.56^a	30.96^bc	0.93	36.23±1.78^b	43.56±1.50^a
C18:1n7	2.27^a	1.85^ab	1.60^b	1.45^b	0.18	-	-
C18:2n6	10.29^bc	12.50^ab	8.81^c	13.26^a	0.79	9.06±1.33^a	6.84±0.76^b
C18:3n6	0.11^ab	0.08^b	0.16^a	0.08^b	0.02	-	-
C18:3n3	1.83^a	2.11^a	0.59^b	0.69^b	0.14	3.62±0.54^a	2.53±0.28^b
C20:1n9	0.36^ab	0.47^a	0.28^b	0.34^ab	0.05	-	-
C20:3	-	-	-	-	-	0.25±0.14	0.22±0.12
C20:4n6	7.21^a	5.94^b	6.08^b	5.56^b	0.37	-	-
C20:5n3	0.41^a	0.25^b	0.34^ab	0.40^ab	0.05	-	-
C22:4n6	2.56^a	2.08^a	1.50^b	1.44^b	0.16	-	-
C22:6n3	0.32^a	0.12^b	0.18^b	0.12^b	0.03	-	-
SFA	40.52^b	44.79^a	40.18^b	44.43^a	1.00	45.52±1.81^a	41.42±0.93^b
UFA	59.48^a	55.21^b	59.80^a	55.57^b	1.00	-	-
MUFA	36.76^b	32.14^c	42.16^a	34.02^c	0.91	41.52±2.05^b	49.04±1.75^a
PUFA	22.73^a	23.07^a	17.64^b	21.56^a	1.29	12.94±1.82^a	9.59±0.98^b
UFA/SFA	-	-	-	-	-	1.22±0.08^b	1.42±0.05^a
MUFA/SFA	0.91^b	0.72^c	1.05^a	0.77^c	0.03	0.93±0.07^b	1.19±0.06^a
PUFA/SFA	0.57	0.52	0.44	0.49	0.04	0.29±0.04	0.23±0.02
n6/n3 ratio	8.11^b	8.42^b	14.99^a	16.94^a	0.67	-	-

The study analyzed volatile compounds in KNBG loin meat from 24 goats (body weight: 48.6±1.4 kg; age: 4.8±1.2 years). The goats were divided into dietary (high-forage diet: 80:20; low-forage diet: 20:80) and castration [castrated (CA) vs. non-castrated (NCA)] treatment groups. Loin samples were collected post-slaughter after 24 hours of refrigeration at 4°C. Data are represented as a means with SEM. ^a–c Means within the same row with different superscript letters differ significantly at p<0.05. Data from Lee et al. (2023a).
Reared intact male goats at 18.3±0.5 kg of initial live weight until 30 kg of live weight; Extensiverearing received typical native brushwood of Northeast region of Brazil called “Caatinga”; while confinement rearing received ensilage containing maize and a mixture of soy, wheat, molasses, and minerals, in the ratio of 40:60 at 4% of live weight. Data are presented as mean±SD. ^a,b Means within the same row with different letters are significantly different at p<0.05. Data from Madruga et al. (2006).
SFA, saturated fatty acids; UFA, unsaturated fatty acids; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; n6, fatty acid with the last double bond at 6th carbon of the methyl end; n3, fatty acid with the last double bond at 3rd carbon of the methyl end.