Table 2. Research on suspension method for improving beef tenderness during the slaughter process

Muscle/part name Suspension method Results Reference
M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: Sarcomere length increased by 21%, shear force decreased by 13%, cooking loss decrease by 2% Eikelenboom et al. (1998)
M. longissimus dorsi Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: Sarcomere length increased by 33.5%, shear force decreased by 17%, England et al. (2012)
M. longissimus dorsi Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: Sarcomere length increased by 24%, shear force decreased by 19%, cooking loss decrease by 29% Hou et al. (2014)
M. longissimus dorsi Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: Sarcomere length increased by 16%, shear force decreased by 12%, cooking loss decrease by 6% Hwang (2004)
M. longissimus thoracis Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: shear force decreased by 13% Nian (2017)
M. longissimus lumborum Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: shear force decreased by 19% Jaspal et al. (2021)
M. longissimus lumborum Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: shear force decreased by 15% Nian (2017)
M. gluteus medius Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: Sarcomere length increased by 12%, shear force decreased by 16% Moran et al. (2021)
M. gluteus medius Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: shear force decreased by 9% Nian (2017)
M. gluteus medius Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: Sarcomere length increased by 50%, shear force decreased by 23% Ahnström et al. (2012)
M. biceps femoris Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: Sarcomere length increased by 23%, shear force decreased by 21% Baxter et al. (1972)
M. biceps femoris Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: tenderness increased by 12%, juiciness increased by 10% Pogorzelski et al. (2023)
M. semitendinosus Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: Sarcomere length increased by 26% England et al. (2012)
M. semitendinosus Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: Sarcomere length increased by 2%, shear force decreased by 1% Moran et al. (2021)
M. semitendinosus Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: Sarcomere length increased by 12% Nian (2017)
M. semitendinosus Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: tenderness increased by 5%, juiciness increased by 17% Pogorzelski et al. (2023)
M. semimembranosus Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: Sarcomere length increased by 47%, shear force decreased by 11%, cooking loss decrease by 6% Eikelenboom et al. (1998)
M. semimembranosus Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: Sarcomere length increased by 13%, shear force decreased by 11%, cooking loss decrease by 4% Hwang (2004)
M. semimembranosus Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: Sarcomere length increased by 9%, shear force decreased by 10%, cooking loss decrease by 5% Park et al. (2008)
M. semimembranosus Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: shear force decreased by 21%, cooking loss decrease by 4% Ahnström et al. (2006)
M. semimembranosus Achilles/Pelvic Pelvic suspension: Sarcomere length increased by 44%, shear force decreased by 22% Ahnström et al. (2012)