Table 4. Results of analysis of water-soluble metabolites of black goat meat by sex (mg/100 g)

Compound	Non-castration	Castration	Female	SEM
Amino acids
Alanine	32.42^a	29.98^a	19.68^b	0.830
Asparagine	1.18	1.12	1.23	0.123
Aspartate	0.26^b	0.76^a	0.51^a	0.056
Betaine	18.63^a	18.04^a	12.13^b	0.501
Glutamate	13.25^b	19.57^a	11.79^b	0.507
Glycine	32.18^a	27.03^b	14.94^c	0.509
Histidine	0.48^b	1.09^a	0.47^b	0.050
Isoleucine	2.92^b	5.17^a	3.39^b	0.138
Leucine	3.35^b	5.96^a	3.93^b	0.173
Methionine	6.40^a	5.37^b	3.61^c	0.177
N,N-dimethylglycine	1.00	0.98	1.00	0.028
Phenylalanine	2.67^b	4.90^a	2.67^b	0.178
Proline	1.69^b	2.49^a	1.50^b	0.065
Threonine	5.66	6.97	5.88	0.459
Tyrosine	4.41^b	7.47^a	5.11^b	0.532
Valine	5.28^b	8.22^a	5.53^b	0.192
β-alanine	3.26^a	3.00^b	2.90^b	0.053
Bioactive compounds
Acetylcarnitine	17.04^ab	17.55^a	15.39^b	0.463
Anserine	171.09^b	201.18^a	215.57^a	5.956
Carnitine	6.58^b	9.13^ab	10.23^a	0.589
Carnosine	1.45^b	3.30^a	1.43^b	0.152
Taurine	90.71^b	107.04^a	99.99^ab	3.688
Energy metabolism-related products
Creatine	364.03	348.99	351.50	8.979
Fumarate	0.78^a	0.53^b	0.26^c	0.066
Glucose	29.30^a	19.36^b	15.67^b	1.027
Lactate	508.49^b	554.77^a	584.69^a	16.711
NAD⁺	0.34	0.36	0.23	0.061
Succinate	1.91^b	2.18^a	1.83^b	0.044
Nucleotide related products
Guanosine	0.28	0.27	0.21	0.083
Hypoxanthine	1.65^a	1.63^a	0.91^b	0.093
IMP	61.24^c	72.27^b	93.53^a	2.574
Inosine	60.55^ab	67.84^a	56.67^b	2.423
UMP	0.37	0.28	0.25	0.118
Uridine	1.38^a	0.77^b	0.33^b	0.113
Others
Acetate	3.48^b	4.38^a	3.26^b	0.136
Ethanol	0.92	1.20	1.16	0.070
Methylmalonate	5.81^b	6.96^a	7.39^a	0.218
Myo-inositol	34.96^a	25.08^b	21.13^c	0.883
Niacinamide	2.41	2.18	2.52	0.125
3-Hydroxybutyrate	2.28^ab	2.44^a	2.03^b	0.076

Different letters within the same column differ significantly (p<0.05).
IMP, inosine 5′-monophosphate; UMP, uridine monophosphate.