Table 7. Muscle parameters of 48 healthy adults at baseline and after 8 wk of daily supplementation with FWPS or WPCS

Outcome variables	FWPS group (n=26)	WPCS group (n=22)	p-value1)
	Mean±SD	Mean±SD
ASM/Ht2 DXA
Baseline	7.03±0.56	7.15±0.73	0.411
8 wk	7.39±0.53	7.49±0.74
Difference2)	–0.35±0.25	–0.34±0.22
p-value3)	0.001*	0.001*
BMI DXA
Baseline	172.15±5.26	172.59±4.02	0.598
8 wk	24.38±2.25	24.75±2.48
Difference2)	147.77±5.44	147.84±5.15
p-value3)	0.001*	0.001*
SMM/Ht2 BIA
Baseline	30.49±2.65	30.89±2.40	0.688
8 wk	31.31±2.66	31.33±2.36
Difference2)	–0.82±1.09	–0.44±0.57
p-value3)	0.001*	0.002*

Compared between groups: p-value by two-way ANOVA.
Difference between the values of baseline and after 8 wk.
Paired t-test between baseline and 8 wk,
Significant at p<0.05.
FWPS, fermented whey protein supplementation; WPCS, whey protein concentration supplementation; ASM, appendicular skeletal muscle mass; DXA, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; BMI, body mass index; SMM, skeletal muscle mass; BIA, bioelectrical impedance analysis; ANOVA, analysis of variance.