Table 3. Cooking loss, Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), and texture profile analysis in different aging methods and aging time
Aging time (d) | Aging method | Significance |
Wet aging | Dry aging | Packaged dry aging |
Cooking loss (%) | 0 | 20.12±3.33 | 18.20A±5.31 | 18.44A±0.10 | NS |
15 | 20.23A±1.43 | 11.32ABb±1.12 | 11.96Bb±2.41 | * |
30 | 23.72A±0.18 | 5.07BCb±0.81 | 6.52Cb±1.46 | *** |
45 | 21.54A±0.15 | 4.96BCb±2.41 | 4.40CDb±0.62 | ** |
60 | 20.90A±3.45 | 1.54Cb±0.34 | 2.12Db±0.24 | ** |
Significance | NS | ** | *** | |
WBSF (kg) | 0 | 6.36Ab±1.41 | 6.10Ab±2.64 | 8.32Aa±2.75 | *** |
15 | 4.01Bb±1.09 | 4.06Cb±0.94 | 4.70Ba±1.40 | * |
30 | 3.50Cb±0.94 | 4.66BCa±1.21 | 4.95Ba±1.58 | *** |
45 | 3.36C±1.06 | 3.84C±1.50 | 4.04B±1.40 | NS |
60 | 3.10Cb±0.98 | 5.51ABa±1.99 | 4.87Ba±1.35 | *** |
Significance | *** | *** | *** | |
Hardness (kg) | 0 | 2.98Aa±0.89 | 2.34ABb±0.71 | 2.69Aab±1.10 | * |
15 | 2.17BCb±0.63 | 2.60Aa±0.72 | 2.40ABab±0.68 | * |
30 | 2.32BC±0.52 | 2.31Ab±0.5 | 2.31Ab±0.42 | NS |
45 | 2.47B±0.55 | 2.12BC±0.84 | 2.18B±0.39 | NS |
60 | 2.04C±0.44 | 1.88C±0.51 | 2.05B±0.41 | NS |
Significance | *** | ** | ** | |
Adhesiveness | 0 | 1.60A±1.31 | 1.21A±1.01 | 1.52A±1.40 | NS |
15 | 0.95B±0.67 | 1.24A±1.01 | 1.17Ab±1.01 | NS |
30 | 0.86BC±0.59 | 0.77B±0.38 | 0.98B±0.55 | NS |
45 | 0.85BCa±0.57 | 0.42Bb±0.31 | 0.52Bb±0.22 | *** |
60 | 0.52C±0.43 | 0.35B±0.24 | 0.36B±0.24 | NS |
Significance | *** | *** | *** | |
Gumminess | 0 | 1.24A±0.50 | 1.05A±0.38 | 1.13A±0.43 | NS |
15 | 1.01B±0.44 | 1.06A±0.46 | 1.13A±0.39 | NS |
30 | 0.87BC±0.34 | 0.93A±0.28 | 0.92A±0.28 | NS |
45 | 0.94BCa±0.30 | 0.72Bb±0.33 | 1.04Aa±0.50 | ** |
60 | 0.76C±0.23 | 0.67B±0.47 | 0.71B±0.25 | NS |
Significance | *** | *** | *** | |
Chewiness | 0 | 92.68Aa±58.37 | 62.69B±33.28 | 77.07ABab±37.61 | * |
15 | 74.15Ab±47.24 | 77.05±53.20 | 84.62A±44.00 | NS |
30 | 64.37B±37.19 | 68.18±32.26 | 65.42Ab±33.30 | NS |
45 | 65.32Bab±29.24 | 51.87B±29.47 | 85.61Aa±63.29 | * |
60 | 52.63B±22.40 | 56.29±53.28 | 54.83B±25.73 | NS |
Significance | ** | NS | * | |
Results are presented means±SD.
Means with different superscripts in the same column significantly differ (p<0.05).
Means with different superscripts in the same row significantly differ (p<0.05).
p<0.05,
p<0.01,
p<0.001.
NS, not significant.