Table 2. Edible insect-defatting methods following harvesting and their advantages and disadvantages

Methods	Advantages	Disadvantages
Defatting process
Hexane	- High efficiency- Low protein denaturation	- Environmental implications- Limited quantity- Health risk- Highly flammable
Alcohols	- Sustainable- Familiarity	- Higher protein denaturation than hexane- Low efficiency- High cost
Aqueous extraction	- Low pollution- Non-toxic- Low cost- Minimal protein denaturation	- The lowest efficiency- High level of residual lipids and their oxidation
Supercritical CO2	- Rapid oil extraction	- Not suitable for protein extraction

Sources: Gravel and Doyen (2020), Kim et al. (2020a), Russin et al. (2011), Wiese and Snyder (1987).