Table 4. Texture properties of chicken-breast sausage formulated with various levels of seawater or salt

Traits NaCl (Con) SW10 SW15 SW20
Hardness (N) 12.65±0.18c 25.10±0.12b 22.65±0.12b 30.10±0.15a
Springiness 0.86±0.03b 0.90±0.03ab 0.83±0.03a 0.86±0.03ab
Cohesiveness 0.32±0.02ab 0.34±0.03c 0.30±0.04c 0.40±0.03a
Gumminess (N) 4.99±0.02c 8.65±0.11b 6.87±0.02b 12.12±0.03a
Chewiness (N) 3.40±0.05c 7.81±0.07b 6.22±0.01b 10.03±0.02a
All values are means±SD.
Con, sausage with 1.2% NaCl and 20% iced water; SW10, sausage with 10% seawater and 10% iced water; SW15, sausage with 15% seawater and 5% iced water; SW20, sausages with 20% seawater.
Means in the same row with different letters are significantly different (p<0.05).