Table 1 Effect of different packaging methods on the pH and color of beef during storage at 4°C
Parameter /time (day) | Packaging |
WP | MAP | VP1 | VP2 | VP3 | VSP |
pH |
0 | 5.48±0.01A | 5.48±0.01A | 5.48±0.01A | 5.48±0.01B | 5.48±0.01A | 5.48±0.01A |
7 | 5.41±0.02Bb | 5.36±0.00Bc | 5.42±0.00Bb | 5.49±0.02Ba | 5.38±0.01Bc | 5.47±0.02Aa |
14 | 5.41±0.02Bc | 5.47±0.03Ab | 5.40±0.03Cc | 5.52±0.01Aa | 5.18±0.02Cd | 5.40±0.03Bc |
21 | 5.24±0.01Dc | 5.45±0.00Aa | 5.06±0.01De | 5.29±0.01Cb | 5.14±0.05Cd | 5.22±0.01Cc |
28 | 5.31±0.07Ca | 5.23±0.06Cb | 5.12±0.01Ec | 5.24±0.04Db | 5.01±0.09Dd | 5.19±0.01Dbc |
Lightness (L*) |
0 | 41.57±2.10 | 41.57±2.10B | 41.57±2.10 | 41.57±2.10 | 41.57±2.10 | 41.57±2.10B |
7 | 41.97±0.95bc | 44.16±1.03ABa | 41.60±1.12bc | 41.68±2.02bc | 40.43±2.05c | 43.64±1.32Aab |
14 | 40.79±0.78b | 45.96±2.26Aa | 42.19±0.73b | 40.61±2.12b | 40.81±1.20b | 40.59±0.93Bb |
21 | 41.41±1.50bc | 46.10±0.59Aa | 42.66±2.05b | 41.96±0.56bc | 40.71±0.66c | 41.10±1.45Bbc |
28 | 39.40±2.09c | 45.46±3.03Aa | 42.27±1.56b | 41.43±1.21bc | 40.57±1.57bc | 39.37±1.80Bc |
Redness (a*) |
0 | 22.30±1.45A | 22.30±1.45B | 22.30±1.45C | 22.30±1.45B | 22.30±1.45C | 22.30±1.45B |
7 | 24.80±4.67Aab | 27.35±0.59Aa | 26.83±0.46Aa | 25.65±1.46Aab | 23.20±1.02Cb | 27.30±1.06Aa |
14 | 12.67±2.31Be | 20.58±1.18Bd | 22.84±1.58Cc | 24.62±1.70Abc | 28.30±2.28Aa | 25.18±0.67Ab |
21 | 15.29±1.95Bd | 18.36±1.47Cc | 24.79±1.37Ba | 26.73±1.61Aa | 25.84±2.18Ba | 21.51±3.32Bb |
28 | 14.94±1.67Bc | 7.95±1.72Dd | 24.66±1.26Ba | 22.34±2.07Ba | 22.32±1.42Ca | 19.76±2.73Bb |
Yellowness (b*) |
0 | 18.72±1.06A | 18.72±1.06A | 18.72±1.06A | 18.72±1.06A | 18.72±1.06A | 18.72±1.06A |
7 | 15.60±1.61Bab | 16.93±0.80Ba | 15.55±0.92Bab | 14.20±1.11Bb | 14.13±1.54Bb | 16.55±0.51Ba |
14 | 11.80±0.79C | 13.76±0.83C | 11.95±1.01C | 12.36±1.65C | 11.72±1.81BC | 13.42±1.09C |
21 | 11.47±1.01Cb | 14.50±0.83Ca | 12.94±1.62Cab | 14.38±1.20Ba | 12.92±2.50Bab | 11.70±1.53Db |
28 | 11.56±1.03Cbcd | 14.48±1.78Ca | 13.23±1.13Cab | 10.64±1.70Ccd | 9.81±2.72Cd | 12.56±1.64CDab |
All values are means±standard deviation of three replicates.
A-E and a-e in the same column and row are significantly different (p<0.05), respectively.
WP, wrapped packaging; MAP, modified atmosphere packaging; VP1, VP2, and VP3, vacuum packaging with different vacuum films; VSP, vacuum skin packaging.