Table 2 Characteristics of participants according to frequency of egg consumption in Korean adults aged 19 years and over

Frequency of egg intake		≤1/mon	>1/mon – <1/wk	1/wk	2-3/wk	4-6/wk	1/d	≥2/d	p-value
Frequency of egg intake		(n=3,790)	(n=2,786)	(n=4,710)	(n=7,998)	(n=2,869)	(n=1,731)	(n=109)	p-value
Mean±SE
Age (years)		60.92±0.24	55.23±0.28	50.16±0.22	46.39±0.17	43.14±0.28	43.57±0.36	40.11±1.44	<0.0001
Energy (kcal/d)		1,664.1±12.6	1,802.1±14.6	1,904.3±11.3	1,982.1±8.6	1,992.1±14.4	2,016.2±18.6	1,895.9±74.0	<0.0001
Vitamin C (mg/d)		88.09±1.52	99.73±1.77	105.83±1.36	111.27±1.04	116.57±1.74	114.84±2.24	117.94±8.93	<0.0001
Calcium intake (mg)		413.35±5.16	457.85±5.73	488.42±4.86	518.21±4.26	528.13±5.94	554.15±8.25	526.46±27.28	<0.0001
Body mass index (BMI, kg/m²)		23.91±0.05	23.78±0.06	23.68±0.05	23.59±0.04	23.45±0.06	23.15±0.08	23.78±0.32	<0.0001
Waist circumference (cm)		83.10±0.16	82.40±0.19	81.57±0.14	80.90±0.11	79.89±0.19	79.09±0.24	80.85±1.00	<0.0001^**
SBP (mmHg)		125.47±0.30	122.63±0.34	119.22±0.26	117.29±0.19	115.00±0.30	114.69±0.39	114.77±1.51	<0.0001
DBP(mmHg)		76.96±0.17	77.01±0.20	76.58±0.16	76.29±0.12	75.46±0.20	74.93±0.25	75.46±0.88	<0.0001
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)		101.61±0.42	100.26±0.49	98.37±0.35	96.75±0.25	94.10±0.33	95.01±0.50	95.42±2.33	<0.0001**
TG (mg/dL)		143.74±1.69	139.32±2.17	131.38±1.52	130.63±1.20	117.97±1.48	121.34±2.30	122.89±6.82	<0.0001**
HDL-C (mg/dL)		49.46±0.21	50.20±0.24	50.86±0.18	51.65±0.14	52.86±0.25	52.92±0.32	52.42±1.20	<0.0001**
Percent (%)
Female		64.22	58.94	55.88	57.10	63.02	61.06	55.05	<0.001
Alcohol intake	Non-drinker	23.03	17.73	14.61	11.12	10.63	9.88	11.93	<0.001
	Less than once a month	36.23	34.13	31.89	31.26	34.19	33.39	32.11
	Over once a month–less than heavy drinker	31.90	38.87	42.21	45.42	43.36	42.81	39.45
	Heavy drinker¹⁾	7.89	8.44	10.30	11.19	11.08	12.54	15.6
Smoking	Non-smoker	62.80	60.88	58.13	58.41	63.02	59.16	59.63	<0.001
	Past smoker	12.51	12.17	13.82	11.33	10.32	12.42	7.34
	Current smoker,<1 pack/d	9.68	9.26	10.23	11.97	10.53	11.61	17.43
	Current smoker,≥1 pack/d	6.83	8.04	8.39	8.85	7.63	8.78	10.09
Physical activity	No exerciese	46.02	47.60	47.15	46.19	46.46	44.89	38.53	<0.001
	Regular walk	30.05	30.44	27.64	29.31	29.38	28.54	28.44
	Regular moderate- activity	9.63	8.44	9.41	7.43	7.39	7.16	11.93
	Regular vigorous- activity	13.17	12.53	14.80	16.13	15.89	17.62	20.18
Education	Elementary school	57.84	43.29	27.30	17.69	10.98	9.59	9.17	<0.001
	Middle school	13.06	12.35	13.08	11.09	9.03	7.51	8.26
	High school	17.07	21.57	27.45	32.38	32.69	33.97	39.45
	College or higher degree	10.98	21.93	31.53	38.17	46.74	47.78	42.20
Income	1^st (Lowest)	31.00	26.53	22.29	21.38	22.20	20.85	27.52	<0.001
	2^nd	24.70	27.42	24.16	24.37	23.77	23.51	26.61
	3^rd	22.40	24.41	25.50	26.21	24.89	25.82	20.18
	4^th (Highest)	19.50	19.38	26.41	26.44	27.74	28.02	22.02
Chronic disease status²⁾		26.09	21.11	15.37	11.84	7.98	9.24	11.01	<0.0001
Survey year	2007	11.74	11.02	10.04	9.20	9.59	12.54	14.68	<0.0001
	2008	24.72	22.83	23.78	22.63	22.45	20.45	22.94
	2009	26.36	22.94	26.48	25.42	24.50	28.42	22.02
	2010	17.99	20.46	20.23	21.78	20.77	19.76	13.76
	2011	19.18	22.76	19.47	20.97	22.69	18.83	26.61

All data represent means±standard error or number (%) of participants.
^** p-values were calculated with log transformation.
¹⁾ Heavy drinkers were those who consumed alcohol twice or more per week and had at least seven drinks per occasion (for men) or five drinks per occasion (for women).
²⁾ Those who were diagnosed with or taking medicine for diseases such as diabetes, stroke, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, chronic renal failure, and cancers.
SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.