Table 1. Duck ham formulations with different ratios of pre-emulsified skin     (Unit %)

Ingredients	Treatments
	Control	T1	T2	T3	T4
Duck breast	70	70	70	70	70
Duck skin	30	20	15	10	0
Pre-emulsified skin	0	10	15	20	30
Subtotal	100	100	100	100	100
Ice water	15	15	15	15	15
Salt	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5
Alginate	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Sodium nitrite	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
Ascorbic acid	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06
Sodium triphosphate	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Sugar	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5
Spice	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2
MSG	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Red colorant	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
Lactic acid mixture	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Total	120.9	120.9	120.9	120.9	120.9