Table 1. Probiotics mediated bioconversion (PMB) list

Metabolites	Bioconverted substrates	Probiotics	Beneficial effects	References
Bioactive peptides	Milk	Lactobacillus fermentum	Antioxidant activity	Ebringer et al., 2008
Catechin (flavonoid)	Grape seed polyphenols	Lactobacillus plantarum	Antioxidant activity	Tabasco et al., 2011
Daidzein and genistein (flavonoid)	Black soymilk	Streptococcus thermophiles	Antioxidant activity	Lee et al., 2015
Chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, atechin, picatechin, and hyperoside (polyphenol compounds)	Lotus seed epicarp	Lactobacillus reuteri, Enterococcus faecalis	Antioxidant activity	Liu et al., 2018a
Gallic acid and protocatechuic acid (phenolic acid)	Wine (Pinot Noir)	L. plantarum	Antioxidant activity	Suthanthangjai et al., 2014
Phenolic content	Inula britannica extract	Lactobacillus acidophilus, S. thermophilus	Antioxidant activity	Lee et al., 2016
Ginsenoside	Ginseng	L. plantarum	Antioxidant activity	Jung et al., 2019
Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents	Forsythiae Fructus	L. plantarum, L. acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus lactis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides	Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activity	Yang and Choe, 2011
F5 peptide	Milk	Lactobacillus helveticus	Anti-inflammatory activity	Tellez et al., 2010
Isoflavone aglycones	Soy milks	L. plantarum, Lactobaciilus rhamnosus, L. fermentum,	Immunomodulatory effect on Caco-2/T27 cells	Di Cagno et al., 2010
Oleuropein	Olive extract	L. plantarum, Lactobacillus paracasei	Anti-microbial activity	Omar, 2010
Isoflavone aglycone	Biotin-supplemented soymilk	L. fermentum	Increased permeability of treated cell membranes	Ewe et al., 2012
Total phenolic contents and total flavonoids	Magnolia flower petal extract	Pediococcus acidilactici	Antioxidant, anticancer activity	Park et al., 2015
Crude, dihydrochalcone, anthocyanin, proanthocyanidin, and catechin	Cranberry proanthocyanidins	L. rhamnosus	Anticancer activity	Rupasinghe et al., 2019